Market Integration and Spatial Price Transmission among the Pakistani and Central Asian Wheat Flour Markets
Research Article
We investigated the extent of the wheat flour market integration among Central and South Asian countries from 2006 to 2023. We employed the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) combined with Granger causality tests to determine the degree of integration, the underlying short-run adjustments, and the direction of causality. The results of the study confirmed the existence of long-run co-integration among [...]