How Does Pandemic Simultaneously Alleviate and Aggravate the Effects of Workplace Incivility?

Research Article

Workplace incivility encountered by service employees often aggravate negative outcomes, an assertion well advocated in extant literature. However, the unexpected nuance behaviors and stress responses of employees amid pandemic remain largely underexplored. Hence, by employing conservation of resource and individual adaptability theories, this study is among the few that uniquely illuminates both the adverse and beneficial effects of COVID-19 on [...]

By Bilal Ahmad 2025
Keywords: Workplace incivility, job stress, work-life imbalance, turnover intentions, COVID driven anxiety. Read more...

Multiple Mediation Analysis and Binary Mediators: A Methodological Brief

Research Article

The paper briefly reviews mediation analysis and provides a detailed review of newly available estimation techniques dealing with categorical variables. The focus of the paper is on dealing with binary mediators. It discusses some recent methods such as marginal mediation analysis in detail highlighting the theoretical underpinnings of these techniques. It also describes the strengths, weaknesses and step by step [...]

By Dr. Faiza Hassan, Dr. Hafsa Hina, Dr. Arshad Ali 2025
Keywords: Mediation Analysis; Binary Mediators; Marginal Mediation; Methodological brief. Read more...

Sustainability in Malaysian Sukuk Issuers: Financial vs. Non-financial Firms via Machine Learning

Research Article

Drawing upon Resource Dependency and Resource-Based theories, corporate social sustainability (CS) is understood as a method of stakeholder management critically influenced by a firm's resources. Firms possessing more long-term resources are positioned to exhibit better CS performance. These theories further suggest that differences in available resources lead to differentiated CS performance between financial institutions (FI) and non-financial institutions (NFI). Sukuk, [...]

By Awais Ur Rehman, Arsalan Haneef Malik, Abdul Khalique, Arsalan Qayyum, Aniqa Arslan 2025
Keywords: Resource dependency theory, resource-based view, corporate social sustainability, Mursala, Sukuk, Maslaha. Read more...

Meritocracy vs Tradition: AVPs' Perspectives on Promotion Practices and Organisational Justice in Karachi's Private Banks

Research Article

This qualitative study explores how Assistant Vice Presidents (AVPs) in Karachi’s private banking sector perceive promotion practices, weighing meritocratic ideals against traditional influences like nepotism and seniority. Fifteen AVPs from several diverse banks were purposively selected; data saturation occurred at interview 12 and was confirmed by three additional interviews. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between January and March 2025 and then [...]

By Zubair Ahmed Pirzada, Prof. Dr. Syed Muneer Ahmed Shah, Dr. Shoukat Ali Mahar 2025
Keywords: Meritocracy; Traditional Promotion Practices; Organizational Justice; Assistant Vice Presidents; Private Banks; Karachi; Nepotism; Favouritism; Semi-Structured Interviews; Thematic Analysis. Read more...

A Step Towards Sustainable Development: Can Electronic Media Fosters Sustainable Consumption Behavior?

Research Article

Change in climate has deeply affected the entire ecosystem. It is the responsibility of every individual to protect the Earth. With many followers, the main burden can lie with individual competitive bodies, such as the media. In the present era, media is considered a significant influencer; thus, media might engage in stimulating green actions. Hence, the current inquiry is designed [...]

By Sajid Ali 2024
Keywords: Electronic Media, Sustainability, Consumption Behavior, Smart PLS, Pakistan. Read more...

Breaking Barriers: The Opportunities and Challenges of Women in Educational Leadership in Balochistan

Research Article

These days, when we are heading to the 21st century, in the era of globalization and the world changing drastically, women are also playing their role in every sphere of life and making their place in society. Pakistani women also take positions in every area of work, like health, politics, and education, as well as higher-level administrative and leadership positions. [...]

By Sadaf Amjad 2024
Keywords: Women leaders, challenges, opportunities, family, education, organizational and societal culture Read more...

Exploring Potential Topics in Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Era 4.0 in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Analysis

Research Article

The concept of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is increasingly recognized as a vital factor contributing to organizational success. OCB is critical in the 4.0 era because it helps organizations adapt to changes and complexities. This research seeks to identify the development of OCB-related publications from co-author and co-occurrence and see the potential for future research. Bibliometric analysis was performed [...]

By Arif Rahman Hakim, Aniek Rumijati 2024
Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, SDGs, Era 4.0, Bibliometric Analysis. Read more...

Evaluating the Influence of SMS Advertising on Consumer Purchase Intention: A PLS-SEM Approach

Research Article

Short Message Service (SMS) advertisements through cellular phones play a dominant role in the promotion of any product or service. The current study intends to inspect the effect of SMS advertising on consumer purchase intention using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. The data is gathered from 304 people to examine the consumers' intentions towards SMS advertisements. For this purpose, a close-ended [...]

By Hamza Asif Ansari 2024
Keywords: SMS advertising perception, SMS advertising value, purchase intention, Attitude towards SMS advertising value, SOR framework. Read more...

Payment Behavior Dynamics Using Mental Accounting Theory: The Moderating Effect of Self-Control

Research Article

Despite the burgeoning dominance of digital payments, there is a dearth of research exploring psychological factors that drive consumers to their excessive use as compared to conventional cash payments. This study fills the gap and examines the effect of different payment methods on consumer payment behavior through the lens of mental accounting theory. The study also introduces a moderation of [...]

By Mohay Ud Din Shah, Ikram Ullah Khan, Aftab Khan, Khush Dil Khan 2024
Keywords: Payment methods, Payment Behavior, Digital Payments, Cash Payments, Self-control, Mental Accounting Theory, Pakistan Read more...

Impact of Organizational Capital on Service-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Mediating role of Employee Organizational Commitment and Wellbeing

Research Article

The purpose of present study is to investigate the impact of organizational capital (economic, human, social, and physical) on employee organizational commitment and employee wellbeing. Also, to assess how these factors affect service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, it is designed to identify the mediating role of employee organizational commitment and well-being. In doing so, "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling [...]

By Faiza Hakim Shah 2024
Keywords: Organizational Capital, Organizational Commitment, Wellbeing, Service Industry, Smart PLS. Read more...

The Effect of Sustainable Packaging Practices on Youthful Bangladeshi Consumers' Preferences and Purchasing Behaviour: Application on Food and Beverage Market

Research Article

Sustainable practices, such as sustainable packaging, have risen in importance for consumers and businesses as global environmental concerns grow. This research investigates the impact of sustainable packaging practices on the preferences and purchasing behaviour of youthful Bangladeshi consumers in the food and beverage market, illuminating a crucial aspect of sustainable consumption in a developing country. The primary methodology used in [...]

By Abdul Hasib Mollah, Masuma Wahab, S.M Shakaout Srabon 2024
Keywords: Sustainable packaging, purchasing behaviour, sustainability, food and beverage market, environmental impact. Read more...

Examining the Influence of Technostress Inhibitors on Work-Related Stress and its Impact on Performance Outcomes in Human Resource Management

Research Article

The study aims to find out the elements that alleviate the stress of technology in the department of human resources and illustrate the effects of technostress inhibitors on employee organizational commitment, employee satisfaction towards their job, negative affectivity, and technology-enabled performance. The study used self-administrative and online questionnaires to collect the data. A structural equational modeling technique has been used [...]

By Areeba Sarwar 2024
Keywords: Technostress inhibitors, HRT work stress, Organizational Commitment, Job satisfaction, technology enabled performance, negative affectivity, HR staff, HR technologies. Read more...

Exploring the Role of Microfinancing, Opportunities, and Risk in Women Entrepreneurship development: A study of Balochistan, Pakistan

Research Article

Women play a central role in economic development of any country, but despite this fact, still women are far behind in performing this role. There are many obstacles such as poverty, unemployment, lack of finance, risk of loss, limited opportunities, and high illiteracy. The core objective of this research study is to explore the role of microfinancing, opportunities, and risk [...]

By Sadaf Amjad 2024
Keywords: Women entrepreneurship, microfinancing, level of risk and opportunities. Read more...

Foreign Direct Investment and Sustained Economic Growth: Literature Based Findings and Directions

Research Article

Economic sustainability has always been focused on sustained growth. Economic sustainability refers to practices that foster economic growth without hampering environmental, social, and cultural aspects. Amongst practices, the current study uses foreign direct investment to check its role in attaining sustained economic development. This study is a synthesis of theoretical and empirical research papers to understand and conceptualize foreign direct [...]

By Fazeelat Masood, Akhtiar Ali 2024
Keywords: Foreign direct investment; economic sustainability; economic growth; efficiency enhancement; spill-over. Read more...

Environmental Awareness During COVID-19: Spur Organizational Performance through Environmental Motivation and Environmental Management System

Research Article

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly disrupted lives through direct and indirect channels, leaving an indelible global imprint on businesses and their workforces. This study investigates the influence of environmental management system on organizational performance grounded in business and sustainable environmental motivation. Additionally, it delves into the moderating role of environmental awareness during pandemics. Using data from 279 respondents in Pakistan's manufacturing [...]

By Muhammad Amir, Muhammad Siddique, Kamran Ali, Naila Kausar 2023
Keywords: Environmental Motivation, Environmental Management System, Environmental Performance, Economic Performance, COVID-19 Read more...

Exploring Employee Motivational Factors and Strategies During Pandemic: A Case of Telecom Industry Pakistan

Research Article

The rising trends of employee well-being and talent retention directed organizational attention toward human capital management. Employee motivation has remained a concern for organizations to stay competitive in a dynamic corporate environment. This paper explores employee motivational factors and strategies telecom companies used to encourage their employees' morale and performance during the pandemic (crisis). To provide theoretical support, we used [...]

By Uzma Ali, Laiba Lakho 2023
Keywords: Herzberg's two-factor theory, Covid-19, Coping strategies, Stress, Motivation, Read more...

Elevating Consumer Purchase Intentions in Pakistan: The Power of Digital Marketing

Research Article

This study examines the moderating effect of brand equity on the relationship between digital marketing and consumer intent to purchase in Pakistan's social media commerce context. The data is collected through an online survey administered using a purposive sample strategy collecting 371 responses. The entire population was hard to triangulate as such statistics are not accurately available in a developing [...]

By Sherbaz Khan, Sahar Qabool, Irfan ul Haque, Huda Javed 2023
Keywords: Purchase intention, Digital Marketing Brand Awareness, Customer Satisfaction. Read more...

Investigating Tourists' Travel Intentions: A South Asian Perspective from Pakistan

Research Article

The present paper is designed to analyze the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the travel intention of tourists. In this study, three factors have been incorporated to have an in-depth analysis regarding tourists' travel intention in the pandemic. The three factors are traveling restrictions, travel constraints, and fear of Covid-19. The collected data was analyzed by using PLS-SEM. The [...]

By Haya Binte Khalid 2023
Keywords: Covid19, traveling restrictions, constraints, travel intention, PLS-SEM Read more...

A New Dimension for Job Pursuit Intention and Organizational Commitment through Corporate Social Responsibility

Research Article

To signify the importance of sub-dimensions affecting HR balancing parameters, this investigation has utilized the philosophical implications of post-positivism to study an academic premise for assessing the presence of corporate social responsibility and organizational justice along with their impact on employee commitment with switching intentions and suggesting critical implications for this premise accordingly. The role of overall justice in moderating [...]

By Muhammad Masood Mir, Mushtaque Ali Jariko, Nizamuddin Channa, Tania Mushtaque 2023
Keywords: Organizational identity, external CSR, internal CSR, job satisfaction, job pursuit intention, organizational commitment Read more...

Development of Online Banking Services in Pakistan: Applications of SWOT Analysis

Research Article

The banking sector of Pakistan has been steered up a prominent transformation in its performance and services provided during the period of 2006-2021 parallel to the global shifts in technology. The prevailing wave of internet in the financial industry has driven the banking sector to implement technological advancements to offer its quality services electronically through online banking. So, this study [...]

By Mahpara Naeem, Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Sadaf Mustafa 2023
Keywords: SWOT Analysis, Trend Analysis, Online Banking Read more...

Whether Students Intend to Use Online Cab Services in the Wake of the Covid-19 Pandemic?

Research Article

In order to control the widespread of deadly virus, government had to impose strict regulations among which the perception of customers regarding use of online cab services was impacted drastically. Travelers behavior about the transportation used for traveling and daily commute were influenced significantly. Therefore, this study explores the determinant that impacts a person intention to use online cab services [...]

By Maiyra Ahmed 2023
Keywords: Health Consciousness, Risk Perception, Online Cab Services, Covid-19, Smart PLS Read more...

Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions among Students: Evidence from Pakistan Higher Education Institutions

Research Article

Thousands of students are graduating each year, but the number of jobs in the market is much smaller. The unemployment rate is slowly and gradually increasing in Pakistan. There is a need to change people's minds by promoting the concept of entrepreneurship among them. Hence, the present paper aims to examine different perspectives through which the entrepreneurial intention of an [...]

By Noman Ahsan, Muhammad Ashfaq 2023
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intention, University Support, Higher Education, Family Background, PLS-SEM Read more...

Threshold Nonlinear Impact of Control on Corruption and Government Effectiveness on Tourism Development in different Income Level Countries: Evidence from Panel Smooth Transition Regression Models

Research Article

Control on corruption and government effectiveness are considered significant predictors of tourism development. However, despite its importance, a conspicuous gap exists in the literature on how these two indicators support tourism development for the economies in the long run. This research fills this gap by studying the influence of government effectiveness and control on corruption on tourism development for a [...]

By Nida Shah 2023
Keywords: Control on Corruption, Government Effectiveness, Tourism Development, different Income Level Countries, PSTR technique Read more...

The Impact of Internet Connectivity on Financial Inclusion: Comparative Analysis between Developed and Developing Countries

Research Article

Financial inclusion collectively develops economic growth in which persons can start their businesses or strengthen existing setups by getting loans from banks and any other source of microfinance schemes. The higher value of the financial inclusion index indicates better and easy access to the bank account, online payment systems, saving, lending, and borrowing. The research attempts to provide a comparative [...]

By Rehmat wali shah, Asghar ali, Khurram Iftikhar 2023
Keywords: Financial Inclusion, Internet connectivity, Fixed Effect, Random Effect Read more...

Interpersonal Process Effectiveness: An Empirical Analysis

Research Article

The purpose of this paper is to establish the role of emotional intelligence in enhancing organizational performance of the employees in the health care sector, while motivation is seen as a moderating factor that strengthens the relationship of the two variables. To understand the concept in the health sector, 200 respondents were selected to provide data on self-administered structured questionnaires. [...]

By Muhammad Ali Saeed, Hina Samdani, Nida Kamal, Muhammad Awais Mehmood 2022
Keywords: Interpersonal Process Effectiveness, Interpersonal Emotional Intelligence, Intrapersonal Emotional Intelligence, Motivation, Organizational Performance Read more...

Analyzing the Impact of Youth Entrepreneurial Perspective on Sustainable Socio-Economic growth to achieve SDGs in Karachi

Research Article

Youth and entrepreneurship are the two most legit formulations to cater to the ever-changing needs of today's mode of production. Youth always bring innovation, improvisation, and creativity into society. At the same time, businesses foster all the relevant factors for the sustainable development of people and the community to accomplish Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). New jobs, economic well-being, and equal [...]

By Salman Ahmed Khatani, Khalid M. Iraqi, Shams Hamid 2022
Keywords: Youth, Entrepreneurial Perspective, SDGs, Developing Countries, Pakistan. Read more...

Modeling Risk and Return Framework using Distress Risk: A Conceptual Framework

Research Article

This research aims to propose extension of existing asset pricing models by including distress risk anomaly to enhance their predictive ability. It explores in detail the shortcomings of existing asset pricing models and deviation between theoretical and empirical evidences. The limitations of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) lead to the development of various asset pricing models with the inclusion of [...]

By Tazeen Arsalan, Muhammad Shujaat Mubarak, Muhammad Ali 2022
Keywords: Asset pricing, distress risk, anomaly. Read more...

Sectoral Output and Income Inequality Nexus in G7 Countries: A Panel ARDL Approach

Research Article

The sectoral output and income inequality nexus has attracted the attention of economists in recent years. The present study contributes to the existing literature on the sectoral output and income inequality nexus in G7 economies. To serve this purpose, the study uses panel autoregressive distributed lag (PARDL) methodology. The PARDL methodology suggests the long-run and short-run relationship among all variables [...]

By Muhammad Asghar, Imran Sharif Chaudhry, Raheel Abbas Kalroo, Sharafat Ali 2022
Keywords: Sectoral output, Agriculture Output, Service Sector, Income inequality, Panel ARDL, G7. Read more...

Omnichannel Apparel Retailing in the Context of Wixom & Todd Model

Research Article

An evolution in the apparel retail industry from physical to online is due to the large number of internet users to such an extent that buying from many channels is a new norm in the apparel industry as many retailers are transitioning from physical to online such as through social media, mobile commerce, smart phones, etcetera. Nevertheless, an integrated and [...]

By Muhammad Hamza Farooqui, Muhammad Asim 2022
Keywords: Omnichannel retailing, channel integration, channel usefulness, omnichannel usage. Read more...

Identifying the Formative Factors which Shape Individual Intention to Prefer Imported Used or Locally Assembled Cars: A Survey on Pakistan

Research Article

The current study intended to examine the consumer intention while purchasing locally assembled and imported cars. Hence, the study proposed a model which is underpinned with social identity theory. The research model employed consumer ethnocentrism, self-congruity product characteristic, perceived relative price, brand personality and service quality. The current study identify research gap and found to the best knowledge of researchers [...]

By Talha Hussain, Muhammad Zeeshan Zafar, Areeba Toor, Hamayel Ajmal 2022
Keywords: Consumer ethnocentrism, self-congruity product characteristic, perceived relative price and service quality, brand personality and intention. Read more...

Competitive Conditions and Banking Stability in Pakistan: New Evidence from Market Power and Charter Value

Research Article

In this study, we invoke the theoretical notion of different competitive conditions in lending and deposit market power for the banking industry of Pakistan. We find highly monopolistic conditions in lending market whereby majority of the banks are enjoying high market power. On the other hand, the deposit market is found to be highly competitive. Subsequently, we find the effects [...]

By Abdur Rahman Aleemi, Imam Uddi, Muhammad Kashif 2022
Keywords: Competition, Market Power, Charter Value, Bank stability. Read more...

Millennials' Service Quality Preferences: Evidence from Large Retail Outlets in South Africa

Research Article

Service quality and customer perception vary across business sectors. The youth plays a vital role in determining the quality of service in large food retail outlets in South Africa in general and most notably in the Cape Metropolis. This study investigated the most critical factors of service quality that are significant in the Millennials perception, used to measure quality in [...]

By Shaheen Adam, Oyebanjo Ogunlela, Robertson Tengeh, Chris Cupido 2022
Keywords: Service Quality, Youth Perception, Millennials, Food Retail, Sustainability, Cape Metropolis Read more...

Applicant Attraction towards the Organization with the Moderation Effect of Gender: A Perception of Business Students

Research Article

Talent attraction is contemporarily subject to extensive research due to prevalent gaps which hold significance in the field of human resource management. This article describes how students graduating from a business school in Karachi, Pakistan perceive various organizational factors in terms of their impact on the attractiveness of the firm as a place to work. The framework used in the [...]

By Muhammad Masood Mir, Hina Amin, Mohammad Omar, Sahar Khan 2022
Keywords: Talent attraction, internal CSR, external CSR, extrinsic compensation. Read more...

The Mechanisms for Influencing Green Purchase Intention by Environmental Concern: The Roles of Self-Green Image Congruence and Green Brand Trust

Research Article

This study is the first to examine a serial mediation model that includes environmental concern, self-green image congruence, green brand trust, and green purchase intention. Based on data from a sample that included 349 Saudi individuals, the analyses supported most mechanisms flowing from environmental concern to self-image congruence and green brand trust in serial. The direct relationship of environmental concern [...]

By Fethi Klabi, Binzafrah F. 2022
Keywords: Self-image congruence, Environmental concern, green brand trust, green purchase intention, Saudi Arabia. Read more...

Factors Affecting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises' Accessibility to Institutional Finance in Pakistan: Moderating Role of Government Support

Research Article

The study aims to explore the factors influencing the accessibility of small and medium-sized enterprises to institutional finance and moderating role of government supports in the relationship between collateral security, interest rates, financial information, business ownership, and accessibility to finance facilities in Pakistan. The moderation multiple regression analysis was applied for analysis using SMART PLS3.0 software. A fully structured [...]

By Abubakar Khaliq, Muhammad Saif Ul Islam, Muhammad Akram, Aamir Hussain, Muhammad Usman 2022
Keywords: Access to finance, government support, collateral security, financial information, interest rates, business ownership. Read more...

Impact of Financial Decisions on Firm Performance: Path Analysis Approach

Research Article

This study intended to explore causal relationships between the corporate performance and financial decisions of the firms which are listed on the Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). This study has used Return on assets and Tobin's Q as the measures of accounting performance and market performance respectively. To effectively examine the causal structure of corporate financing, investment, dividend payout decisions, and [...]

By Asifa Maqbool, Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh 2022
Keywords: Corporate Investment, financing, dividend, corporate performance, path analysis. Read more...

The Fear of Covid-19 With Role of Avoidance Behavior and Self-Resilience

Research Article

Studies conducted in the field of resilience have proven the role of resilience in their clinical presentations, but few studies investigated the relationship between resilience and painrelated fear. However, there are limited studies to investigates the moderating role of self-resilience along with mediating role of avoidance behavior in fear of COVID-19. The survey questionnaire is used to collect responses from [...]

By Jawad Iqbal, Muhammad Imran 2022
Keywords: COVID-19 Fear; Avoidance Behavior; Self-Resilience; Hypervigilance; Helplessness; Worry & Panic Read more...

Oil Price Shocks and Stock Market Performance: A comparison between Oil Exporting and Oil Importing Nations

Research Article

The paper explores the impact of shocks in oil prices on the stock market for the oil importing and exporting nations. As Pakistan is heavily dependent on imports of oil therefore, we focus on Pakistan as an oil importing nation and have taken Iran, as an oil exporting nation because, it is considered to be among top ten nations of [...]

By Muhammad Farhan, Zeeshan Atiq, Syed Shahid Zaheer Zaidi 2021
Keywords: Oil Price shocks, Stock Market Performance, Oil Exporting Nations, Oil Importing Nations Read more...

Global Illicit Financial Flows: Where does Dirty Money from Developing Countries become legal?

Research Article

The study determines most favorite destinations for money laundering preferred by wrong doers from 25 developing nations selected on the basis of highest illegal financial fund outflows from 2004 to 2014, a report published by Global Financial Integrity (GFI) in 2015. Firstly, it has been discussed that how money laundering activities are shackling the economic and financial stability in a [...]

By Wahaj Ahmed Khan, Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Muhammad Asif Shamim 2021
Keywords: Money laundering, Illicit Financial Flows, Developing Countries Read more...

Revisiting Determinants of Financial Development? The Role of Financial and Monetary Freedom: Empirical Evidence from the Asia-pacific Region

Research Article

This study aims to assess what determines/improves the overall multidimensional nature of the financial development index and its sub-indices. For this purpose, we use data over the period 1998 to 2017 for 9 countries from the Asia-Pacific region. The hypothesis of no long run relationship between variables is tested via the three-panel co-integration test i.e. Kao test, the Pedroni [...]

By Wajid Ali, Asif Javid, Shakeel Ahmad, Nauman Ahmad, Aamir Khan 2021
Keywords: Financial Development, Financial regulations, financial inclusion, Panel Cointegration, FMOLS, DOLS, Causality Read more...

Moderating Role of Person Job-Fit Facet between Hierarchical Plateau and Turnover Intention

Research Article

This study aims to examine the impact of hierarchical plateau on turnover intention with moderating role of person job-fit facet. Hierarchical plateau is a point of an individual's career life where the probability of being promoted further is low. The theory of work adjustment (TWA) is applied in this research study which measures that satisfaction level of an employee and [...]

By Ramesh Kumar, Waqar Akbar, Naveed R. Khan 2021
Keywords: Hierarchical plateau, turnover intention, person job fit, demand abilities, need supplies Read more...

Readable Labels and Moderating Effect of Individual Personality Traits Effect on Consumer Healthy Packaged Food Selection Intention

Research Article

It is a common notion that front of pack label guide individual for the selection of healthy and right amount of packaged food. The inconsistent results found in past studies. In continuation with current study proposed a model which is underpinned with theory of planned behavior. The proposed model comprised of factors affecting individual attitude to read food label at [...]

By Muhammad Zeeshan Zafar, Noor Azmi Hashim, Fairol Bin Halim,Shahjahan Masud 2021
Keywords: Traffic lights efficacy, health statements efficacy, user friendly label efficacy, label reading attitude, personality traits and intention. Read more...

Law Enforcement in Times of Violent Demonstrations

Research Article

This paper is an in-depth study on the country's public disorder and the efficacy of police response. In order to understand the dynamics of police response towards violent public order situations, it is important to elaborate complexities of the prevailing environment. The evaluation of this environment revolves around the existing policing practices towards handling volatile law and order situations, available [...]

By Syed Kaleem Imam 2021
Keywords: Conflict, demonstrations, enforcement, law and Order, Police, protests, response, riots. Read more...

Influence of Electronic Media on Public Policies and Narratives in Pakistan Post-2005

Research Article

The research article investigates the role of the news media and specifically electronic media since 2005, which has emerged as a strong force in Pakistan in the past decade and, under certain circumstances, shapes public policymaking in Pakistan. Media across the world is seen as a tool to shape public narratives and influence policymakers in crafting policies that adhere to [...]

By Sarah Alam, Rafia Taj, Abuzar Wajidi 2021
Keywords: Electronic Media, Policy Making, Narratives, Pakistan, Influence, Masses Read more...

Is Social Media Addiction in Covid-19 Pandemic Affecting Students' Academic Performance and Health?

Research Article

The objective is to see how social media addiction affected students' academic performance and physical health in covid-19. In addition, the moderating impact of psychological well-being on the relationships between personality traits and social media addiction is also studied. Data collection is conducted through an online survey with 506 Pakistani students. Results are analyzed through the partial least squares method. [...]

By Noman Ahsan, Faiza Hakim 2021
Keywords: Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, Extraversion, Neuroticism, Social Media Addiction in Covid-19, Academic Performance, Physical Health, and Psychological Well-Being. Read more...

Is Single Trigger Contingent Capital Certificates an Effective Tool to Manage Risk?

Research Article

The purpose of this paper is to highlight that contingent capital certificates (CC certificates) provide financial institutions with the cushion to resist financial crises, but if the structure of these CC certificates is based on the singular trigger, it can cause a transfer of wealth between investors, i.e., existing shareholders and the CC certificate holders. Many financial institutions, to [...]

By Muhammad Ahmed Fawad, Areeba Khan 2021
Keywords: Contingent capital certificates, Capital ratio/ Accounting triggers, Market-based triggers, Multiple triggers, Regulatory triggers, Wealth transfer, Conversion ratio, Dilution. Read more...

The Mediating Role of the Emotional Intelligence in the Organizational Justice and Contextual Performance Relationship of Administrative Staff in Pakistan

Research Article

The purpose of this article was to examine a model that recognizes the effect of organizational justice on contextual performance. The model also assessed the mediating role of emotional intelligence in connecting organizational justice and contextual performance. The data were gathered from 202 self-administered questionnaires, sampling respondents from administrative staff working in private sector universities. The relationships among these variables [...]

By Hazrat Bilal, Shahid Ali, Naveed Ali, Lala Rukh 2021
Keywords: Organizational Justice, Emotional Intelligence, Contextual Performance, Mediating role of Emotional Intelligence, Private Sector University. Read more...

The Moderating Role of Market Mavens in Explaining the Impact of Brand Positioning Strategies on Brand Love

Research Article

With the presence of increasingly similar products in the fashion apparel retail industry, the real challenge today is to steer marketing communication efforts in the direction of developing consumer-brand bonds that are interpersonal and simultaneously acknowledge the role of market mavens as strong external influencers in this regard. Hence, the primary area of focus this to analyze the relationship among [...]

By Saad Shahid, Sohail Zafar 2021
Keywords: Brand positioning strategy, Brand love, Market maven. Read more...

The Role of Guerilla Marketing for Consumer Buying Behavior in Clothing Industry of Pakistan using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)

Research Article

The study examines the impact of viral, street, stealth, ambient, and ambush marketing on consumer buying behavior towards the clothing industry in Karachi, Pakistan. The study has used structural equation modeling for data analysis while the purposive sampling technique has been used and collected 247 sample size based on the estimation of Soper (2018). The results have shown that street [...]

By Raheel Farooqui 2021
Keywords: Guerilla Marketing, Consumer Buying Behavior, Clothing Industry, CB-SEM, Karachi. Read more...

Uncertainty and Risk Analysis of Pakistan's Housing Market: Fan Chart Approach

Research Article

Economic forecasting is necessary to revise and check the effectiveness of the existing policies. This serves as a pioneer study to forecast house prices (HP), foreign direct investment (FDI), and worker's remittances (WR) using the time series data ranging from 1973 to 2018 on the economy of Pakistan. The analysis is performed on a yearly, quarterly, and monthly basis to [...]

By Rafiq Ahmed, Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Samina Khalil 2021
Keywords: Fan Chart, House prices, foreign direct investment, worker’s remittances, forecasting, Pakistan. Read more...

The Impact of Knowledge Management Environment on Knowledge Management Effectiveness: Through Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing Process in Branch Banking of Pakistan

Research Article

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the knowledge management environment on knowledge management effectiveness through the mediating role of knowledge sharing processes in public and private, conventional and Islamic branch banking of Pakistan. The Survey technique was used for the collection of data from the staff of branch banking. A sample of 290 was used [...]

By Zahid Imran, Owais Shafique, Shakeel Sarwar, Warda Najeeb Jamal 2021
Keywords: Knowledge Management Environment, Internal Knowledge sharing process, Knowledge Management Effectiveness, Branch Banking, Pakistan. Read more...

The Study of Water Consumption Behavior Under the Societal, Industrial and Environmental Dynamics: A Confirmatory Analysis from the Metropolitan City of Karachi

Research Article

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By Muhammad Asif Shamim, Farooq-E-Azam Cheema, Mohammad Omer, Danish Iqbal Godil 2020
Keywords: Water consumption, Water consumption motives, Structural Equation Modeling, Smart PLS. Read more...

What Brings the Innovation in Business Model(s)? Evidence from Pakistan Mobile Banking Sector

Research Article

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By Malkah Noor Kiani , Syed Hussain Mustafa Gillani 2020
Keywords: Innovation capabilities, knowledge exploration, knowledge exploitation, service innovation success, contextual ambidexterity, business model innovation Read more...

Interpersonal Relationship Marketing: Reciprocity in Buyer-Seller Dyad with Customer Gratitude as Mediator

Research Article

This research examines relationships among customer focal antecedents, seller focal antecedents, customers feeling of gratitude, and norms of reciprocity. The two-fold objectives of this research are; 1. To investigate the role of customer focal and seller focal antecedents in the development of reciprocity; 2.To analyze the mediating role of customers feelings of gratitude in the development of norms of [...]

By Muhammad Ahmad, Mirza Ashfaq Ahmed, Muhammad Anwar ul Haq 2020
Keywords: Interpersonal relationship marketing, relationship benefits, relationship investment, gratitude, reciprocity, dyad, interpersonal attraction. Read more...

Career Counselling: Medical And Healthcare Students Perspective in Deciding their Career Preferences

Research Article

Counseling of medical and healthcare students on career development is quite a new niche and it is an extensive approach for the preparation of healthcare students for personal, professional, and social accomplishment. The paradigmatic shift in counseling research has occurred globally. Most career development researchers across the world have distinguished decisive transformations in their approaches. In the current study, investigators' [...]

By Huma Ali, S.M.Tariq Rafi, Hina Rehman, Anam Tariq, Farya Zafar, Sadaf Naeem, Amber Nawab 2020
Keywords: Career Counselling, Medical Students, Career Preferences Read more...

Perceived Compensation Fairness, Job Design, and Employee Motivation: The Mediating Role of Working Environment

Research Article

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By Muhammad Imran Rasheed, Warda Najeeb Jamal, Abdul Hameed Pitafi, Syed Muhammad Javed Iqbal 2020
Keywords: Perceived compensation fairness, job designs, working environment, employee's job motivation, public sector commercial banks Read more...

Role of Affinity Seeking Behavior Strategies in predicting Organizational Dissent mediated by Empowerment Justice among Teaching Assistants/Research Associates of various Public Sector Universities of Sindh

Research Article

This study has explored the association between affinity seeking behavior strategies and organizational dissent in the presence of a mediating variable empowerment justice. The data has been gathered using the survey method and hypotheses were tested by mediation analysis procedures described by (Baron & Kenny, 1986). Findings suggested that the relationship between the affinity seeking behavior strategies and organizational dissent [...]

By Qamar Abbas, Hassan Jawad Soomro, Ameer Hussain Shar 2020
Keywords: Affinity Seeking Behavior Strategies, Organizational Dissent, Empowerment Justice Read more...

Impact of Brand Community Participation on Brand Equity Dimension in Luxury Apparel Industry - A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Research Article

The role of consumers in brand management is increasing day by day due to rapid advancements in technology. Communication-related to the brand has been shifted from one-way (unidirectional) communication (mass marketing) to two-way (bidirectional) communication through social media. Hence, researchers and marketers are putting their utmost efforts to explore and understand the phenomenon. The present study is aimed to measure [...]

By Muhammad Adnan Bashir, Nadia Ayub Ali, Tariq Jalees 2020
Keywords: Brand community participation, brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality, brand loyalty Read more...

Export Diversification and Competitiveness level of Pakistan in South Asian Region.

Research Article

This paper analyses Pakistan's competitiveness in the light of the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index, which measures the level of competitiveness of the country. There are 12 pillars and 5 stages of development level on the basis of which every country is ranked for competitiveness level and placed within different five stages of development. This study restricts its analyses [...]

By Aamir Hussain Siddiqui 2020
Keywords: Competitiveness; Export Diversification, Global Competitiveness Index, South Asia, Pakistan. Read more...

The Impact of Personal and Cultural Factors on Green Buying Intentions with Mediating Roles of Environmental Attitude and Eco-Labels as Well as Gender as a Moderator

Research Article

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of personality traits of consumers regarding their green buying intention by measuring the mediation effects of eco-labels and environmental attitude along with the moderation of gender. To the researchers' best knowledge, there is a lack of research in developing countries in explaining the influence of rarely researched factors such as [...]

By Amna Hasnain, Syed Hassan Raza, Usama Shahzad Qureshi 2020
Keywords: Green buying intention, Consumer personality traits, Eco-labels, Environmental attitude, Structural equation modeling. Read more...

Trade Liberalization Effects on Import Demand: The Pakistan Experience Using Bilateral Trade Data

Research Article

The fundamental objective of this study is to estimate for basic trade elasticity and assess the impact of trade liberalization on Pakistan's import demand in the bilateral cases for a sample of selected countries. In the sample, countries are selected from both the developed and developing world on account of their greater share in Pakistan's total imports. The method of [...]

By Saleem Khan, Sher Ali, Muhammad Abdul Kamal 2020
Keywords: Import Demand, Trade Liberalization, ARDL and Pakistan Read more...

The Moderating effect of Business Network on the Relationship Between Export Market Orientation, Total Quality Management and Company Export Performance: Evidence from Furniture Industry of Pakistan

Research Article

The contribution of the Pakistan furniture industry in exports has declined in the last few years. This situation is alarming for industry and country economic growth and overall performance of the industry. The main objective of study is to investigate the moderating role of the business network (BN) on the relationship among total quality management (TQM), export market orientation (EMO) [...]

By Muhammad Imran, Abdul Raziq, Hassan Mujtaba Nawaz Saleem, Mohid Khaliq 2020
Keywords: Business network, total quality management, export market orientation, company export performance, furniture industry. Read more...

Ownership Structure and Business Firm Value: A Study of Non-financial Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

The basic purpose of this study is to examine the association of ownership structure (OS) with the value of business firms (VBF). By using panel data techniques, the relationship between OS and VBF has been statistically tested. OS is used as an explanatory variable, whereas, for measuring VBF, accounting base performance measures (short term performance) include return on assets (ROA) [...]

By Muhammad Usman, Hassan Mobeen Alam 2020
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Ownership Structure, Value of Business Firms, Firm Age, Non-Financial Sector, Agency Theory, Resource Dependence Theory. Read more...

Consumer Buying Attitudes towards Counterfeit and Green Products: Application of Social Comparison Theory and Materialism

Research Article

Counterfeiting and the purchase of counterfeits have been a global issue for years and it seems to be growing, it gives rise to criminality and many other economic problems. It does not only affect the economic environment but the ecological environment as well. Hence, this research aims to find out the factors that make people purchase counterfeits and factors that [...]

By Sania Usmani, Alina Ejaz 2020
Keywords: Materialism, Green Consumption, Purchase of Counterfeits Read more...

An Empirical Analysis of Behavioral Flexibility, Relationship Integration and Strategic Flexibility in Supply Chain Agility: Insights from SMEs Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

Supply chain agility (SCA) has become an important concept these days and gained a great deal of attention from the research fraternity. Researchers and scholars have mainly examined the dimensions of integration and flexibility as the antecedents of SCA from conceptual lenses in the past and suggested further explanations from empirical testing. Thus, this research aimed to investigate three key [...]

By Mirza A. Haq, Irfan Hameed, Abdul Raheem 2020
Keywords: Supply chain agility, integration, flexibility, moderated mediation SEM, Small & medium enterprises. Read more...

Effect of Teamwork on Employee Performance in High-Tech Engineering SMEs of Pakistan: A Moderating Role of Supervisor Support

Research Article

Measuring employee performance of high-tech engineering small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of a developing country is meager in the literature of organizational studies. Therefore, this paper analyzes a) the effect of teamwork on employee performance; and b) how supervisor support moderates the relationship between teamwork and employee performance. Using a cross-sectional survey in a non-contrived field-study setting, a useable sample [...]

By Muhammad Shahnawaz Adil,Kamal Bin Ab Hamid 2020
Keywords: Teamwork; employee performance; supervisor support; SMEs; Pakistan. Read more...

Online Education & MOOCs: Teacher Self-Disclosure in Online Education and a Mediating Role of Social Presence

Research Article

In online education, students have been observed to face a few barriers in the overall learning and experience such as the absence of physical presence of the instructor, lack of instructor-student relationship, lack of student satisfaction and perceived learning. This research was conducted to study a few key variables in online education that may or may not have their effect [...]

By Komal Akram Khan, S. M. Tariq Rafi 2020
Keywords: Teacher self-disclosure; social presence; social-penetration; MOOCs, Smart PLS Pakistan. Read more...

The Effects of Supervisor Organizational Embodiment and Organizational Identification on the LMX-Creativity Relationship

Research Article

At the intersection between psychology and human resources management, this study is conducted to attain two objectives. First, it aims at investigating the indirect relationship of leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships and creativity via organizational identification. Second, differences in LMX-creativity relationship via organizational identification are explored from a trajectory that highlights the moderating role of supervisor organizational embodiment. This study adopts [...]

By Sajjad Husain, Khurram Shahzad 2019
Keywords: LMX, Creativity, Organizational Identification, Supervisor’s Organizational Embodiment Read more...

Why firms fail to Sustain? Evidence from Dow Jones Index Abstract

Case Study

This study, focusing on the longevity of large business organisations as a period of uninterrupted satisfactory financial market performance, has examined companies failing to demonstrate longevity, such as by being removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average index. The present research has performed group- and case-level longitudinal analyses of financial performance indicators. Afterwards, the qualitative longitudinal analyses were conducted based [...]

By Malik Muhammad Sheheryar Khan, Muhammad Muzammil Ghayas, Sadaf Kashif 2019
Keywords: Financial performance, managerial performance, Qualitative longitudinal Analyses, Dow Jones index. Read more...

The Effect of Traditional Media Communication and Social Media Communication in Generating Consumer Based Brand Equity in Context of Pakistan

Research Article

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of traditional media communication and social media communication in generating the consumer based brand equity. This study provides an important theoretical contribution by introducing prosumers and lead users as for user generated content in the conceptual model. The study has used conventional advertising for measuring traditional media communication whereas, firm [...]

By Muhammad Ali, Khalid M. Iraqi, Lubna Khan,Faiza Salam 2019
Keywords: Management support, work discretion, entrepreneurial education, previous entrepreneurial experience, time availability, entrepreneurship passion for inventing. Read more...

Analyzing the Spillover Effects from Parental Markets to Cross-listed IPOs on Mean returns and Price Volatility

Research Article

The phenomenon of synchronization of financial market dynamics and the transmission of price variability among markets has been analyzed using the mean returns and the volatility spillover between markets. However, an unanswered question is how those market dynamics are transmitted from parental markets to cross-listed IPOs. This paper addresses that question. In this study, we selected 74 cross-listed firms registered [...]

By Abdul Wahid, Muhammad Zubair Mumtaz, Edmund H. Mantell 2019
Keywords: Mean and volatility spillover, AIM, cross-listed firms, Markov switching model, GARCH Read more...

A Study on the Drivers of Employee Engagement and its Relationship with Employee Performance

Research Article

The statement claiming that the raised employees' engagement level will eventually help increase the employees' well-being and work performance has not previously vastly tested, specifically within faculty members of higher educational institutions (HEIs). The scarcity of noteworthy studies on the antecedents and outcomes of employee engagement is addressed while a complete, holistic and comprehensive model is presented in the paper [...]

By Syeda Nazneen Waseem, Kashif Mehmood 2019
Keywords: Employee engagement, job resources, employee performance, higher educational institutions (HEIs). Read more...

FDI & New Business Startups: Does Financial Development Matter?

Research Article

The present paper intends to investigate the relationship of foreign direct investment and new business startups in the presence of financial development in EAGLE countries, an annual unbalanced data during the period from 2006 to 2016 is used. We apply system GMM approach to estimate the models. Findings suggest that foreign direct inflows boost new business start-ups in emerging countries. [...]

By Imtiaz Arif, Lubna Khan 2019
Keywords: FDI, new business startups, financial development, System GMM, EAGLE. Read more...

Successful Entrepreneurial Process as contributor towards Business Performance in Banking: Moderating role of Entrepreneurship Passion for Inventing

Research Article

In last decade, banking landscape has faced different constraints and witnessed significant changes in Pakistan. That is the reason, the economy of Pakistan and banking sector has faced several challenges. Pakistani banking sector is lacking in entrepreneurial activities, in reflection, banking industry is suffering from low performance. To resolve this issue of lower level of entrepreneurial activities, the current study [...]

By Mohsin Altaf, Shahid Nadeem, Waseem Ul Hameed, Arfan Shahzad 2019
Keywords: Management support, Work discretion, Entrepreneurial education, Previous entrepreneurial experience, Time availability, Entrepreneurship passion for inventing. Read more...

Credit Risk, Capital, and Inefficiency: An Empirical Analysis of SAARC Banking Sector

Research Article

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between credit risk, capital, and inefficiency of South Asian Association for regional Cooperation (SAARC) banks. The study used seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) approach on panel data for the period 2010-2016. The findings suggest that highly capitalized banks tend to increase inefficiency and credit risk faced by SAARC banking sector. [...]

By Shumaila Zeb, Zahid Ali 2019
Keywords: Bank capital, Efficiency, credit risk, Net lending; SAARC banks Read more...

An Empirical Analysis of the Buyer Perspective of Gaining Competitive Advantage through Supplier Development

Research Article

This study analyzes how buyer firm supplier development efforts can help achieve buyer competitive advantage. The main goal of this analysis is to understand how various supplier development efforts could impact the operational performance of a buyer. The study used the survey responses from consumer electronic businesses in Karachi. The study developed a model and used these responses to test [...]

By Amir Manzoor, Naveed R Khan, Khurram Adeel 2019
Keywords: Supplier development, Market Responsiveness, Operational effectiveness, Competitive advantage, Joint Action, Asset Specificity, Performance Expectations, Trust Read more...

How does financial development impact trade openness? Evidence from export performance of Pakistan

Research Article

Current Study examines the relationship between financial developments with export performance in Pakistan. This objective was attained by employing yearly time series method and statistics have been used from 1972 to 2014. This study develops financial development index by using principal component analysis. In addition to this, the effect of different ways of financial development has been analyzed, for instance [...]

By Muhammad Asif Shamim, Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Farooq-E-Azam Cheema 2019
Keywords: Export, Financial Development Index, Pakistan. Read more...

The Determinants of Bank Stock Prices: A Panel Approach

Research Article

The current study used panel data to empirically analyze the determinants of stock prices and for that monthly closing stock prices of eight main banks of Pakistan were taken for the period from January 2005 till December 2013. Various unit root and cointegration techniques were employed for analysis besides Granger Causality. The results indicated increase in share prices in response [...]

By Sajid Ali, Taqadus Bashir, Tanveer Ahmed, Adeeba Ishaq, Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad 2018
Keywords: Interest rate, nominal exchange rate, cointegration, risk management, banks Read more...

The Relationship between Implied Cost of Equity and Corporate Life Cycle Stages

Research Article

This study develops and tests the hypothesis that the implied cost of equity declines as a firm passes through the growth, maturity, and stagnant stages of its life. We use the methodology of Anthony and Ramesh (1992) for identifying corporate life cycle stages. Three different models are used to calculate the implied cost of equity: the Easton (2004) model, the [...]

By Attaullah Shah, Khyber, Muhammad Afraz 2018
Keywords: Corporate Life Cycle, Implied Cost of Equity, MPEG, Gordon, Ohlson and Juettner-Nauroth, Pakistan Read more...

Forecasting Uncertainty and Risk of Financial Development in Pakistan: Fan Chart Approach

Research Article

This study is conducted to forecast the components of financial development of Pakistan for the period of 2016 to 2025. These components include M2, DCP, DCPB, and MC. Originally, 36 years' time series data taken from 1980 to 2015. The present study is very much different in that it uses a newly developed technique that is Fan chart. It is [...]

By Muhammad Nadeem Khan 2018
Keywords: Forecasting, uncertainty, risk, financial development, fan chart Read more...

Shariah governance and Islamic banks performance: Evidence from South Asia

Research Article

Shariah governance provide strike conformity with Islamic businesses ethics and the expectation of its customers which aim at improving firms performance and societal welfare to eliminate poverty in the global setting. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Shariah governance on Islamic banks (IBs) performance of 31 IBs of 4 countries of South Asia for the [...]

By Imran Khan, Syeda Nitasha Zahid, Tahir Akhtar 2018
Keywords: Shariah governance, financial performance, Islamic banks, South Asia Read more...

Mobile Advertising Technology Acceptance Model (M-TAM): An Extension of TAM in Mobile Marketing Context

Research Article

Mobile advertising technology has revolutionized the way companies interact with their customers. This has offered both marketers and consumers the advantages of convenience, flexibility, and ubiquity etc. Irrespective of the advantages of mobile advertising technology, it is not easy for marketers and researchers to form adoptable mobile advertising technology for consumers without being in a position to precisely foresee consumers [...]

By Mirza A. Haq, Arsalan Mujahid Ghouri 2018
Keywords: Emotional value, attitude, adoption intention, TAM model. Read more...

Role of Customer Service Skills on Customer Satisfaction and Its Effects on Customer Loyalty in Pakistan Banking Industry

Research Article

Companies offer different products and services to differentiate themselves from their competitor. In an organizations, employees abilities and skills to deal with the customers play an important role in succeeding businesses. They offer superior services to their customers that leads to satisfaction. It has become an essential marketing strategy nowadays. Therefore, in this study we try to investigate the role [...]

By Muhammad Ali, Khalid M. Iraqi, Amna Sohail Rawat, Shoaib Mohammad 2018
Keywords: Customer service skills, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Read more...

Cross-Cultural Evaluation of the Mediation of Attitudes in Relationship of Cultural Values and Behavioral Reactions toward Web Based Advertising

Research Article

The current study examines the associations between the individual's cultural values about web-based advertising (IWA), attitudes toward web-based advertising (AWA) and individual's behavioral reactions (BR) in three dissimilar cultures Pakistan, Malaysia and the United States of America. The study is based on the ve individual cultural values to evaluate the understanding of the cultural perception of the web-based advertising users [...]

By Syed Hassan Raza, Amna Hasnain, Sanan Waheed Khan 2018
Keywords: Individual's cultural values about web based advertising (IWA), Attitudes toward web-based advertising (AWA), Individual's behavioral reactions (BR), Pakistan, United States, Malaysia. Read more...

Using Eisenhardt's Method to Study Ethnic Entrepreneurial Communities

Research Article

The purpose of this paper is to explain the Eisenhardt case based method of theory development using an example of a study on ethnic entrepreneurial communities in Karachi. The paper servers' two purposes: (a) It serves as a guide, for the future researchers studying the entrepreneurial activity in Pakistani context, to establish the internal validity of the methodology which can [...]

By Omar Javaid, Irfan Hyder 2018
Keywords: Case study, theory building, constructivism, entrepreneurial ethnic communities. Read more...

Single Stock Futures and their Impact on Risk Characteristics of the Underlying Stocks: A Dynamic CAPM Approach

Research Article

The concern regarding destabilizing ability of trading in futures markets in terms of increase in risk is still unresolved in developed and developing economies. This discussion also prevailed in Pakistan after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). To investigates this concern with respect to Single Stock Futures (SSFs) and their impact on the underlying stocks, this study made use of data [...]

By Imran Riaz Malik, Attaullah Shah 2018
Keywords: Systematic risk, un-systematic risk, SSFs, capital asset pricing model, GJR- GARCH, leptokurtic Read more...

Impact of Brand Equity Drivers on Purchase Intention: A Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Marketing

Research Article

The study aimed to analyse the impact of brand image, brand perception, brand preference and brand loyalty on consumer purchase intention in the FMCG industry of Pakistan. It also used entrepreneurial marketing as moderator between the association of brand loyalty, brand perception, brand image and brand preference with purchase intention. The study has used quantitative explanatory research design. In this [...]

By Muhammad Raza, Reema Frooghi, Shamsul Huda binti Rani, Muhammad Asif Qureshi 2018
Keywords: Brand Image, brand loyalty, brand perception, brand preference, consumers' purchase intention, entrepreneurial marketing Read more...

Environmental Concern as an Underlying Mechanism between Environmental Beliefs and Green Purchase Intentions

Research Article

Building on the contentions of theory of reasoned action, current study hypothesized and tested the direct impact of environmental beliefs on green purchase intentions. In addition, the mediating role of environmental concern between environmental beliefs and green purchase intentions is also explored. Quantitative research design with survey method was adopted to collect data from respondents. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique [...]

By Israr Ahmad, Fauzia Syed, Saima Naseer, Ghulam Rasool 2018
Keywords: Environmental beliefs, environmental concern, green purchase intentions Read more...

Terrorism and Stock Market Nexus: New Evidence from Wavelet Analysis

Research Article

This study examines the impact of terrorism on Karachi stock market returns. Daily data of KSE100 index from 1st July 1999 to 31st December 2015 is used for the empirical analysis. The objective of this paper is to examine the change in systematic risk in response to the terrorist activities. Multiscale data derived from Maximal Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transformation (MODWT) [...]

By Imtiaz Arif 2017
Keywords: Terrorism, KSE100 index, wavelet, decomposition, MODWT Read more...

Heterogeneous Panel Analysis among Equity Returns for Portfolio Diversification: Evidence from Emerging and Frontier Asian Equity Markets

Research Article

Our study investigates the linkage between frontier and emerging equity markets of Asia from January 2000 to December 2016. To deal with heterogeneous panels, we applied pooled mean group framework proposed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (2001). Our findings reveal both short and long run relationships among sampled markets thereby supporting the feedback hypothesis. The magnitude of relationship is strong [...]

By Mobeen Ur Rehman, Syed Jawad Hussain Shahzad 2017
Keywords: Heterogeneous panels, emerging and frontier markets, equity returns, co-integration, pooled mean analysis Read more...

The Value-Growth Indicators and Value Premium: Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange

Research Article

This paper aims to study the ability of the six value-growth indicators (i.e. gross profit to total assets, earning to price, book to market, dividend to price, cashflow to price and sales to price ratio) to generate value premium in Pakistan Stock Exchange. This paper uses the methodology of Dimson, Nagel, and Quigley (2003) to construct Fama and French [...]

By Tanveer Ahmad, Syed Muhammad Amir Shah 2017
Keywords: Value premium, value-growth effect, book to market effect. Read more...

Human Capital-Economic Growth Relationship: Finding the Most Relevant Level of Education in Pakistan

Research Article

The study employed annual dataset for the period 1981-2014 to find the most relevant level of education in terms of its contribution to the economic growth of Pakistan. The study used three models assuming gross enrolment rates at primary, secondary and tertiary level as human capital and found secondary education as the most relevant level of education for economic growth. [...]

By Faisal Sultan Qadri, Abdul Waheed 2017
Keywords: Human Capital, Economic Growth, Education Read more...

Hedging Effectiveness of Commodities in the Stock Portfolio: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan Stock Exchange using Multivariate GARCH Models

Research Article

This study explores the hedging effectiveness of oil and gold assets in Pakistani stock market. We incorporate three multivariate GARCH models for hedging potential of oil and gold assets in stock market of Pakistan. The DCC model is found fitted among others for empirical analysis. The empirical results indicate that the asymmetric effect is positive (negative) providing that negative shocks [...]

By Waqas Hanif, Muhammad Khan 2017
Keywords: Pakistan stock exchange, commodity market, multivariate GARCH models, hedging effectiveness Read more...

Impact of Project Teamwork on Project Success in Pakistan

Research Article

The contribution of project teamwork is based on the project members toward project success has remained unattended in prior literature. This paper highlights the importance of project teamwork for the project success and argues that leader alone cannot successfully complete a project. This study is based upon Higher Education Commission (HEC)'s projects in Pakistan and data has been collected from [...]

By Syed Muhammad Javed Iqbal, Muhammad Shahid Nawaz, Salman Bahoo, Muhammad Labib Abdul 2017
Keywords: Project management, project success, project teamwork project team members, and structural equation modeling Read more...

Consumer's Attitude towards Ramadan Advertising

Research Article

Advertising in the Ramadan is at peak in Pakistan and other Muslim countries. It now resembles other festival theme based advertising. In view of the lack of the studies on the issue, this study has adopted the constructs commonly used in measuring attitude towards advertising. The adapted questionnaire was administered to a population of 320, and the valid sample size [...]

By Junaid Ansari, Farheen Khalid, Tariq Jalees, Muhammad Sufyan Ramish 2017
Keywords: Ramadan advertising, attitude towards ramadan advertising, information, credibility, entertainment and irritation. Read more...

The Role of Structured and Efficient Market Factors in Determining the Individual Investor's Satisfaction: Evidence from Pakistan

Research Article

This study examines the impact of structured and efficient market factors such as fundamental analysis, transaction processing system, information processing system and risk management on Pakistan stock exchange's investor satisfaction. We used descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling technique to test the proposed model. Our findings reveal that all the components of the structured and efficient [...]

By Hafiz Muhammad Waqar, Arshad Zaheer, Naveed Raza, Memoona Kanwal 2017
Keywords: Fundamental analysis, risk management, structural efficiency, Pakistan stock exchange. Read more...

Relationship between Stock and the Sovereign CDS markets: A Panel VAR Based Analysis

Research Article

This study explores the relationship between the Stock and the Sovereign Credit Default Swaps (SCDS) markets by using a dataset of 36 countries. Specifically, we apply Panel-Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) model, to gauge the impact of one market's shocks to the other. Our results decipher that changes in stock market returns explain the significant portion of the SCDS market spreads' changes. [...]

By Falik Shear, Hilal Anwar Butt 2017
Keywords: Stock market, sovereign CDS, panel VAR, sovereign credit risk, informational efficiency. Read more...

Do Mutual Funds Remain Persistent? Evidence from Pakistan

Research Article

This study investigates the performance persistence of 78 mutual funds of Pakistan for the period 2009-2015. The sample period is divided into two sub-periods, based on movement of KSE 100 index closing value. A skilled manager is a manager who can outclass the market consistently during both sub-periods. This study first estimates outer performance, selectivity, market timing and volatility timing [...]

By Lubna Maroof, Attiya Yasmin Javid, Imtiaz Badshah 2017
Keywords: Persistence, contingency tables, market timing, volatility timing, Pakistan mutual funds. Read more...

The Effect of Loneliness at Work and Work Stress on Work Alienation and Work Alienation on Performance among Health Employees

Research Article

This study aims to determine the effect of loneliness at work and work stress on work alienation and work alienation on employee performance among employees in Turkish healthcare institutions. Data collection tools were composed of Loneliness at Work Scale Work Stress Scale, Work Alienation Scale and Performance Scale. The study results revealed that work alienation was influenced by work stress [...]

By Santas, G, Isik, O, Demir, A 2016
Keywords: Loneliness at work, work stress, work alienation, employees work performance, health care institution. Read more...

The Effect of Trade Liberalization on Tax Structure of Pakistan

Research Article

This study empirically investigates the effect of trade liberalization on tax structure in Pakistan. Autoregressive Distributed Lag approach has been used for examining the cointegration among the variables of the model and Vector Error-Correction method is used for short-run dynamics of the variables. The empirical results show that trade liberalization and trade tax revenue have a negative impact on tax [...]

By Ahmad, K., Chaudhary, A. R 2016
Keywords: Trade Liberalization, Trade Revenue, Domestic Tax Structure, ARDL, Co-integration Read more...

The Integration of Loyalty, Satisfaction, and Relationship Commitment Models to Predict Customer Retention in Pakistani Telecom sector

Research Article

Based on SERVQUAL Model, customer loyalty framework and relationship commitment model, this meta-analysis examines the effect of these well-defined models on customer retention. The study validates the impact of the given well-developed models and helps to develop strategies for enhancing and developing customer retention. The study utilized exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling to analyze customer [...]

By Frooghi, R., Afshan, S., Waseem, S. N., 2016
Keywords: Service Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty, Pakistan Telecom Sector, Trust, Customer Retention Read more...

The Impact of Director's Training Program on Financial Reporting Quality in East

Research Article

This research provides evidence as to how training programs for directors associate with improvements in the quality of financial reporting. Director Training Programs (DTPs) are held to enable directors to better comprehend the specific context in which the business operates in, which includes: company-operations, environment, business norms, values and standards of probity, accountability, and a directors' fiduciary duties as agents [...]

By Qaiser Rafique Yasser, Abdullah Al Mamun 2016
Keywords: Director training, Financial reporting Read more...

Gender Discrimination in assigning Dull or Challenging Tasks in Banking Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

This study investigates the gender biases of managers in assigning tasks to subordinates. Gender discrimination affects the productivity and efficiency of employees in any organization. It is assumed that managers assign challenging tasks to subordinates of same gender and assign dull tasks to the subordinate of opposite gender. The industry taken for the research purpose was banking sector of Pakistan. [...]

By Samim B. A, Rashid N 2016
Keywords: Gender discrimination, challenging tasks in banking sector Read more...

The Impact of capital structure on the profitability of Microfinance institutions

Research Article

The study focuses on the sources of funding and the relative profitability derived by the microfinance organizations. The study considers three variables, which relate to the profitability (a dependent factor): return-onassets (ROA), operational-self-sufficiency (OSS), and return-on-equity (ROE). The independent factor (financial sources), on the other hand, employs: deposit-to-asset, net-deposits, and lastly debt-to-equity ratio. Moreover, the control variables specified in this [...]

By Abrar A, Javaid A. Y 2016 2 Citations
Keywords: Return on equity, return on assets, operational self sufficiency, portfolio at risk, micro-finance institutions. Read more...

Using Excel Solver to solve braydon farms' truck routing problem: A case study

Case Study

This case study is based on Braydon Farms LLC, floral distribution complexity analysis in Alabama, US. This study utilized excel solver to determine effective distribution to the 14 stores at least cost for Braydon Farms clients. The integer programming model was used to estimate the optimal configuration for the distribution to 14 stores for seven daily routes. Furthermore, for the [...]

By Duan, C. J , Hu, J, Garrott, S.C. 2016
Keywords: Floral industry logistics and distribution, excel solver, Travelling Salesman problem (TSP), Truck Dispatching Problem (TDP), Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). Read more...

Structural Analysis of Development Patterns

Case Study

This study provides a sketch on the trends of domestic production and labor productivity in agriculture, industry and services sector of 155 countries from across the globe during the period of 1980 to 2012, while focusing mainly on the impact of income and size of the stated economies on their domestic productions and labor productivity. Findings confirm that the trend [...]

By Khan K. U, Hussain I. 2016
Keywords: patterns of development, development, de-industrialization, productivity, labor productivity. Read more...

Determinants of agricultural production: A Cross-country Sensitivity analysis

Research Article

The relative importance of the key determinants of agricultural-production by performing sensitivity analysis on a cross country data set of 81 countries has been investigated. For analyzing the significance of regional differences in agricultural production, two dummy variables were used for high and low income countries. The World Bank data set is used for this study ranging from 2002 to [...]

By Warsi A. Z. and Mubarik M. S. 2015
Keywords: Agriculture production, physical capital, human capital, high-income and lowincome countries, Cobb-douglas function, sensitive analysis, Read more...

Winter Holts Oscillatory Method; A New Method of Resampling in Time Series.

Research Article

A study is based on the performance of NADRA and its employees, comprises on several factors that show an impact on employees's productivity. It was assumed that office design (like Furniture, Noise, Lighting, Temperature and Spatial Arrangement) put an impact on the productivity of employees of NADRA. A research has been conducted in several areas of Pakistan and gathered data [...]

By Jaffri S. L. B. 2015
Keywords: : Government offices, employees productivity, NADRA, office designs. Read more...

The Right Marketing Tactics to Target Restaurants

Research Article

In every industry, marketing plays a vital role in the success and failure of the product and services. In-order to make the products and services successful, it is very important to create effective marketing-strategies by employing effective marketing-tools. The objective of this research is to find out that whether restaurants should also be marketed and advertised heavily across various marketing [...]

By Aleem M. S. 2015
Keywords: Restaurant marketing, price, quality, marketing tactics/tools. Read more...

Extended Work Overtime: Labor Choice or Obligation

Research Article

Time management is very important at workplace. Employees have to work hard to accomplish their work on time hence; they often end up doing overtime in-order to improve their performance. For this purpose, Organizations are now offering overtime for their employees. This study relates to the comparison between voluntary overtime and compelled overtime and the research basically aims to determine [...]

By Bhutto R. 2015
Keywords: Work overtime, work obligation, construction organizations Read more...

Preserving Efficacy of Temperature Sensitive Medicines-Logistics Management in Pharmaceutical Supply Chains

Research Article

Protecting the efficacy of temperature-sensitive drugs is a real challenge especially for the countries with hot climates. Over-the-counter medicines have recommended storage-temperature of around 20-30 °C, while ambient temperature in most metropolitan areas of Pakistan reach around 40-50 ° C in summers, even under the shade. Other temperature-sensitive medicines require storage at around 4-8 °C. A reputation of [...]

By Subzwari M. and Nasir S. Z. 2015
Keywords: : Pharmaceutical industry, cold supply chain, temperature sensitive medicines, imported medicines. Read more...

Investigating the Real Shocks in the Discount Rate of Pakistan

Research Article

The monetary-policy always has a vital role in determination of the economic conditions of any country, It is witnessed that the discount rate announced in year 1948 was of 3%, while the discount rate announced in year 2013 has come to be at 10%. The research aims to investigate Real Shocks in the Discount Rate of Pakistan, where by 66 [...]

By Yasir M. 2015
Keywords: : Real shocks, discount rate. Read more...

Impact of Uncertainties on Supply Chain Operations in Pakistan

Research Article

Uncertainties are an inherent part of doing business and are dealt with relatively high degree of confidence. Uncertainties pose a variety of risks that can even pull down the organizations. This study has determined the impact of the general uncertainties and its possible minimization. Uncertainties are quite ambiguous for e.g. political upheavals, natural disasters, which cannot be predicted and [...]

By Rafique B. 2015
Keywords: : Supply chain operations, micro-level uncertainty, macro-level uncertainty, uncertainty cycle Read more...

Comparison of Equity Markets of SAARC Nations with the Equity Markets European Union Nations

Research Article

Relationships amongst the different stock markets have previously been examined many times; whereby such studies help market players better understand and grasp the equity markets. This paper is based on the comparison of the Equity Markets of both the SAARC and the European Union nations. Changes within one market (whether good or bad) and the subsequent effects on the other [...]

By Kashif M. 2015
Keywords: Equity markets, SAARC Nations, European Union Nations. Read more...

Evaluation of Customer Satisfaction on Islamic Microfinance: Empirical Evidence from Central Java, Indonesia

Research Article

The impact of customer loyalty was examined through the influence of service quality on customer satisfaction for a sample of 220 respondents, which were customers of Islamic micro finance institutions at Central Java, Indonesia. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for analysis and it indicated that service quality has a significantly positive impact on customer satisfaction in this specific [...]

By Rokhman W. and Rivai H. A. 2014
Keywords: Customer satisfaction, Islamic microfinance. Read more...

Media E-Branding and its Antecedents: A Case from Iranian Online News Agencies

Research Article

This study aims to investigate online brand creation with respect to specific features of the media industry. The data were gathered from subscribers of the websites of news agencies, and the findings were achieved using the structural equation modeling. The findings maintain the conceptual model of the study, and the results indicated that brand personality, online content, interactivity, and website-attribute [...]

By Jalali S. H. and Jamalabad G. S. 2014
Keywords: Online Brand Creation, E-Branding, Media Branding, News Agency. Read more...

Does same gender schooling matters more than the both gender schooling for exam scores?

Research Article

It is unknown to what degree single-gender classrooms relate to the overall student performance, when compared to the performance of students coming from co-educational school setting. It is thus imperative for educators and parents alike to note whether or not the single-gender classrooms have an effect on academic performance, in order to close the gender gap. This study investigated whether [...]

By Samad A. 2013
Keywords: Co-education, Single-gender, Academic performance. Read more...

The real story of legislations in Pakistan

Research Article

In the political-scenario of Pakistan, there is clearly an oligopoly of a few families, who have never brought the country with any positive results. This paper confirmed that deprived and dejected class has never been given the equal and fair chance of representation in the parliaments of Pakistan since the making of this country and only the elite, affluent class [...]

By Nisar S. 2014
Keywords: Legislation in Pakistan. Read more...

Edible Oil imports in Pakistan

Research Article

Pakistan is the fourth largest edible oil importing country. Pakistan imports 75% of the total edible oil consumed in the country to meet its demand. The edible oil imports composed 94% of Palm Oil and the remaining portion comprises the imports of edible oil, coconut oil, olive oil etc. Pakistan imports 75% of its palm oil from Malaysia making it [...]

By Zaidi S. M. H. 2014
Keywords: Edible Oil, imports. Read more...

Intelligence led dynamic knowledge based behavioural leadership model for dynamic fractal organization

Research Article

In this study, a new perspective has been introduced that how leadership can help influencing customers in an intelligent manner through behavioral sense making. Behavioral sense making can be utilized by leaders while sensing behavior and emotions of customers in a game designing organization. As compared to other organizations where role of leadership is only limited and restricted to service [...]

By Shaikh U. A. and Mukhtar U. 2014
Keywords: Dynamic knowledge, behavioral leadership, dynamic fractal organization Read more...

The Application of Academic Supply Chain Management at an Educational Institution

Research Article

Supply chain management concepts and models are not just confined to improving business operations in the manufacturing sector. It can also be developed and applied in the service industry by focusing on the service based supply chain. This paper will explore the application of academic supply chain management at an educational institution namely, RMIT University Vietnam. This paper will first [...]

By Gopalakrishnan G. 2014
Keywords: Academic supply chain management, educational institution. Read more...

The Role of Vice Chancellors to promote Higher Education in Pakistan: A Critical Review of Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan's Reforms, 2002

Research Article

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the reforms introduced by Higher Education Commission Pakistan (HEC) in 2002 about selection criteria of Vice Chancellors in public sector universities of Pakistan. The focus of this study is an evaluation of divergent views and concerns of the community about this new system in the province of Punjab as [...]

By Tauqir S. R. , Hussain S. S and Azhar S. M. 2014
Keywords: Higher education, vice chancellor, reforms, academic leadership, public universities. Read more...

Building Pakistan's country of origin image through the corporate image: Exploring optimal corporate brands for the image transfer

Research Article

Pakistan is facing a multi-dimensional attack on its country image. While it is imperative to triumph over negative factors causing Pakistan’s bad country image. This research aims to explore optimal corporate brands of Pakistan to build their country of origin (CoO) image in light of the consumer-related and company-related factors. Exploratory research approach has been deployed to explore potential [...]

By Hussain I. 2013
Keywords: Country of origin Image; Image Transfer; corporate image; brand management Read more...

Corporate Governance through Ownership Structure: Evidence from KSE-100 Index

Research Article

This paper examined the association between ownership structure, firm performance and dividend policy with respect to Governance perspective of companies present in Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). A sample of 45 Nonfinancial KSE-100 Index listed firms for a period of 2010 to 2013 has been taken for analysis of this study. Multiple Regression Models are applied on the panel data to [...]

By Shabbir A. , Tahir S. H. and Aziz B. 2013
Keywords: Ownership Structure, Firm Performance, Dividend Policy, Entrenchment Theory, Family Ownership Concentration Read more...

Formulation of Advanced H-Index: The S-Index

Research Article

H-index is one of the famous tool for assessing the research authors, journals and publications ranking. With some demerits and limitations of H-index, this research study puts forward an enhanced version of H-index named as Sindex, which gives more accurate results in relevance to published papers and citations of a particular author (sum of various key factors of author’s [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Hasan S. A. , Osman A. , Saad M. and Mir S. 2013
Keywords: H-index, S-index, citations, self-citations Read more...

Granger Causality between Dengue Positive Cases Reported and Health Expenditures(A Case Study from Pakistan)

Research Article

This paper mainly aimed to interrogate the unidirectional causality from dengue positive cases reported in Pakistan to health expenditure of Pakistan. The data for the years ranging from (2006-2014) was deployed to test the proposition used while; unidirectional causality from dengue positive cases reported to health expenditure was investigated through granger causality test. Findings confirmed that neither the dengue positive [...]

By Ayaz M. , Rizwani G. and Nayaz M. 2013
Keywords: Dengue Positive Cases, Health Expenditures Read more...

Ambiguous Situations and Pro-Social Behavior across different Age Groups & Genders

Research Article

It is believed that the multi dimensional dilemma has been prevailing in the country for the last two decades in the field of economy, social development and politics which have caused scary reactions in the society in general and to youth in particular. As a result, a pro-social behavior in the society is hardly witnessed. This paper investigates the pro-social [...]

By Khan J. F. M. and Mukhtar A. 2013
Keywords: Pro-social behavior, Self report Altruism Scale, Personal Norms of Helping Behavior scale Read more...

Are the Inflation of World co-integrated?

Research Article

The hike in prices to any product and/or service is the common man’s fright. Inflation has faced upheavals regardless of the countries around the world. This study has specifically quantified the co- movement of inflation rates of different countries around the globe. Johansen Co-integration was used to analyze the co-movements of the inflation rates of the selected world regions [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Hasan S. A. , Osman A. and Minhas J. 2013
Keywords: Inflation, Co-integration Read more...

Teaching Methods and their impact on performance of University students

Research Article

There are many teachers trying new teaching techniques in the classrooms with the intention of making learning process more effective. In this research, comparison has been made between the spaced and massed learning methods to determine which teaching method is the most effective and helpful learning methods enhancing academic performance and retention rate of students. Results revealed that the performance [...]

By Usmani S. and Dawani K. 2013
Keywords: : Teaching, Education, Massed Learning, Spaced Learning Read more...

Pakistan's Monetary Aid Concerns

Research Article

Aid is unlikely to encourage the development and growth of the countries affected from natural disasters. This study scrutinizes that it is not necessary that every commitment has to be fulfilled. As in this research, it is found that the level of commitment of aid for the flood affected country of Pakistan was quite higher than the level of aid [...]

By Nayaz M. and Husain J. 2014
Keywords: Monetary aid, friend-countries. Read more...

Contribution of Linkedin on Recruitment and Selection

Research Article

Linkedin has become one of the most known social networking portals in terms of global professional connections, networking, job postings, hiring and much more in relevance to employment opportunities. This research was an attempt to identify the utility of Linkedin on selection and recruitment. Also, this study has taken the employer’s and the prospective candidates for job and employees’ [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Joseph S. , Osman A. and Hasan S. A. 2012
Keywords: Social Networking, Linkedin, Recruitment, Selection, Professional networking. Read more...

Transportation Outsourcing and Supply Chain Performance: A study of Pakistan’s Pharmaceutical Industry

Research Article

Recent times have witnessed that transportation outsourcing of logistics functions is a key business strategy to augment the feat of supply chain performance. Heap of empirical literature showed significant impact of transportation outsourcing on effectiveness and efficiency of supply chain management of firms. This paper investigated the impact of transportation outsourcing on supply chain performance for the 30 pharmaceuticals companies [...]

By Mubarik M. S. , Warsi A. Z. , Nayaz M. and Malik T. 2012
Keywords: SCM, Efficiency, Outsourcing, Effectiveness. Read more...

Impact of Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intentions in the Pharmaceutical Industry of Karachi

Research Article

This research endeavors a study to interrogate the possible impact of Job Satisfaction on Turnover Intention in the pharmaceutical industry operating in Karachi. 29 item questionnaires were used to collect the data and data was collected from the employee of pharmaceutical industry of Karachi; for the sample of 282. Multiple Regression Analysis and Principal Component Factor Analysis were applied to [...]

By Ghayas M. M. and Siddiqui S. J. 2012 1 Citations
Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intentions, Pharmaceutical Industry Read more...

Improving Reverse Logistics of Used Lubricant Oil for Re-Refining

Research Article

Recycled used lubricant oils offers the benefits of recovering base oils prevents environment from harmful uses and protects the environment from disposal of used lubricant oils. It also promises to save billions of dollars of new base oil used in formulating new lubricant oils. It is argued that failure to ensure return of used lubricant oil and poor reverse logistics [...]

By Ahmed S. and Subzwari M. 2012
Keywords: Reverse Logistics, Lubricant Oil, Refining, Oil Replenishment, Welfare Economics (Externalities) Read more...

Autocorrelation in economic indicators before and after Natural Disaster

Research Article

This study investigates the autocorrelation in economic indicators of Pakistan before and after Natural disaster in the light of variables, which includes GDP (deflator), Inflation (CPI), Money supply (M2), Remittances and Net export (X-M). This study considers the data for the period of 1989-2009. In this study, data has been divided into two sets; first having a data for the [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Hasan S. A. , Farooq O. and Osman A. 2012
Keywords: Autocorrelation, economic players, natural disaster, developing countries Read more...

Level of Satisfaction of Working and Non-Working Women in Relation to their Socio-economic Conditions and Education

Research Article

The study aims at examining the satisfaction level of women with their socioeconomic conditions and education, based on survey data relating to 262 married females. It is suggested that education enables women to earn, resulting a higher level of satisfaction. Another important predictor in the study is social class of women, which plays an important role in their satisfaction level. [...]

By Usman N. and Iqbal M. 2012
Keywords: Education, working women, non-working women, socio-economic conditions Read more...

A Comparative Study on Bank’s Profitability before, during and after Crises

Research Article

The purpose of this research is to examine the outcome of liquidity crunch on bank profitability. Comparison of bank’s profitability has been done for a panel of 30 Pakistani banks over the period of 2003 to 2010. Focus has been kept on total bank profits and its components: Gross Profit, ROE and ROA. Three eras have been selected as [...]

By Tariq N. 2012
Keywords: Liquidity, Profitability, Liquidity Crunch, ROA, ROE, Gross Profit Read more...

Retail Business Owners Preference: Why not Formal Financing?

Research Article

Finance is a basic need to run a business and the need of external financing is also required during the business cycle, expansion, growth etc. In this research, Retail Business Owners (RBO’s) were being questioned to find out the reasons for their preference on informal financing rather on formal financing. Karachi was the sample population to investigate the rational [...]

By Iqbal A. and Hamid B. 2012
Keywords: Retail business, Small business, financing choice, informal financing, formal financing, bank financing. Read more...

The Impact of Dependents in the Family on the Work Life Conflict of Employed Women in IT Sector in India

Research Article

Job and family is defined “as a form of inter role conflict in which the role pressures from the work and family domains are mutually incompatible in some respect. There is a conflict between work and family when the earning member or brand winner is occupied by too many demands. One of the major societal changes, two jobs at [...]

By Aiswarya B. and Ramasundaram G. 2011
Keywords: Women Labor force, employed women, family, work life Read more...

An application of GARCH while investigating volatility in stock returns of the World

Research Article

A healthy stock market is a sign of sound and healthy economy. Stock market is a volatile market affected, at times directly and most often indirectly, by many micro and macroeconomic players. Of these players interest rates and exchange rates are among the ones undertaken in this study. The rationale behind this study is to ascertain the volatility in stock [...]

By Hasan S. A. , Subhani M. I. , Moten R. M. A. and Osman A. 2011 4 Citations
Keywords: ARCH, GARCH, Volatility, AR-Process, Conditional Hetroskedecity. Read more...

Factors affecting consumer attention in billboards advertising

Research Article

This study is concerned to the billboards advertising and their impact over the consumer attention. The main aim of this study is to understand the consumer attention towards billboards, whether the target audience gives importance to the billboards or not. Final results indicate number of factors in the billboards advertising, which attracts the customer. A customer gives proper attention to [...]

By Husain J. and Nizamani R. K. 2011
Keywords: Customer, Advertising, Billboards, Consumer attention Read more...

Management Styles and Employee Performance: A study of a public sector company (SSGC)

Research Article

This research investigated that do management styles have any significant effect over employee performance with HR being an intervening variable, a trend setter or culture molder in the organization and judging its impact over employee performance of Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) limited, which is an organization with diversified backgrounds and cultures of working people having different norms and values. [...]

By Siddiqui S. J. and Soomro M. A. 2011
Keywords: Management styles, employee performance, Gas industry, organizational culture Read more...

How Monetary Policy Affects Poverty: Nexus and Consequences

Research Article

This case study provides some interesting insights and phenomena. It was observed that how monetary policy badly affected the poverty situation in Pakistan. This study covers three important aspects of the socio-economic changes in Pakistan in the recent past. First, it describes the macroeconomic growth in the different political regimes. Second aspect of the study is to assess the poverty [...]

By Mehar A. 2011 1 Citations
Keywords: Poverty line; Monetary policy; Interest rate; Spread; NPL Read more...

A Study on the Association between Brand Awareness and Consumer/Brand Loyalty for the Packaged Milk Industry in Pakistan

Research Article

Brand awareness remains fundamental to consumer life as the interaction initiation point to the brands. This paper put forwards the relationship of brand awareness on consumer/brand loyalty in the packaged milk brands in the urban Pakistan. There is evidence of brand awareness and consumer/brand loyalty on brand equity. The approach takes into account sources of brand equity-brand awareness, consumer/brand loyalty [...]

By Subhani M. I. and Osman A. 2011 36 Citations
Keywords: brand awareness; consumer/brand loyalty; brand equity; brand perception Read more...

Modeling a Robotic Perception Episode

Research Article

The need to understand the human mind so as to make a robotic mind work is well recognized. In cognitive and neurosciences many questions are left still unanswered in understanding this phenomena. Since a robot faces numerous difficulties in programming itself to the degrees of freedom that it embraces with the characteristics that match with humans. The need to develop [...]

By Shaikh R. A. and Zafar S. 2011
Keywords: Robot; Perception; Tables; Agents; Classification of agents Read more...

Construction and Validation of an Instrument to measure the attitude towards science

Research Article

The work reported here is an effort to construct and validate an instrument to measure the students' attitude towards science. This work is likely to be a predictor of students' emotional attachment to science and is expected to help to classify or enroll students in science for higher grades. 150 students of 6th grade (of age 10.5 -12.5 [...]

By Bukhari M. T. A. and Safdar M. 2011
Keywords: Spearman Brown formula; Likert scale; Semantic differential; Thurston scale; Guttmann scale Read more...

Index of Bangladesh as a destination of FDI: an assessment of FDI impact on socio-economic development

Research Article

In the age of anxiety; it has been a very crucial task both for the foreign investors (MNCs) and Governments, whether the investment would be viable in consideration of the expected return and sustainability of the project on the one hand, and the socio-economic development of the country on the other. Foreign investors, while analyzing the viability of the [...]

By Rana B. and Rahman B. 2010
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Macro economic development, Location-decision, Considerable factors Read more...

The impact of Interest Rate on Stock Market: Empirical Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange

Research Article

Stock exchange and interest rate are two crucial factorofeconomic growth of a country. The impacts of interest rate on stock exchange provide important implications for monitory policy, risk management practices, financial securities valuation and government policy towards financial markets. This study seeks evidence supporting the existence of market efficiency on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) based on the daily general [...]

By Uddin M. G. S. and Alam M. M. 2010 50 Citations
Keywords: Efficient Market Hypothesis; Random walk model; Market Return; Interest Rate; Investment; Dhaka Stock Exchange Read more...

Productivity Performance of Banking Industry in India: An Inter-sectoral Analysis

Research Article

Productivity-based analysis for the Indian Banking Sector is in itself an area of enormous significance in this globally viable environment. If banks wish to become superior and competitive entities, they require connecting themselves with efficiency. It is also essential for the sake of a safe and sound financial system in a meticulous economic system. This paper analyses the cross relationship [...]

By Pal K. and Goyal P. 21010
Keywords: Indian Banking Industry; Panel Data Analysis; Correlation; ACGR and Productivity Read more...

Selection Criteria for Implementing Optimum WIMAX Frequency Spectrum

Research Article

This paper is about a work that was carried out by the authors in an attempt to identO, technologically robust and economically viable solution for commercial implementation and installation of WIMAX optima!frequency spectrum. A variety of broad band working spectrums are discussed. This paper especially focus' on parameters which play an important role in the selection process. Some of [...]

By Shaikh R. A. , Shaikh Z. A. and Mirza Z. A. 2010 2 Citations
Keywords: Optimal Frequency Spectrum; Capital Expenditure; Operational Expenditure Read more...

The Impact of Packaging Characteristics on Consumer Brand Preference

Research Article

This study aims to investigate the impact of packaging characteristics on consumer’s brand preference in perspective to edible oils. Packaging characteristics are being measured such as various sizes of Package, different shapes of Package, safety, shelf life, convenience of storage, convenience of use, extra use of package and package attractiveness as per its importance in selection of edible oil [...]

By Hasan S. A. , Khan M. Z. 2009
Keywords: Consumer Brand Read more...

Relationship between Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Government Bonds

Research Article

This study examines the association between the daily investments in government bonds with Consumer price index (CPI) for Pakistani space for the period beginning from July 2001 to September 2009. The findings significantly supports the proposition that consumer price index (CPI) has an association with the investments in government bonds and also the non-seasonal investments in government bonds for lag [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Panjwani K. , Osman A. 2009
Keywords: Consumer price index (CPI), Government bonds, VAR. Read more...

Factors Influencing Individual Investor Behavior (The Case of the Karachi Stock Exchange)

Research Article

The study of the investment decision process consists of economic perspectives derived from the relationship between the lifestyle, demographic variable and behavioral. Through this examination it has been analyzed that the behavioral variables and utility maximization are taken together for a complete study. This study incorporated this concept by taking 30 variables from diverse decision criteria including contemporary concerns. The [...]

By Iqbal A. , Usmani S. 2009 5 Citations
Keywords: Investor Behavior Read more...

Reverse Logistics in Pakistans' Pharmaceutical Sector

Research Article

Pakistans' pharmaceutical sector consists of nearly 400 companies but top 100 companies handle 90 percent of the pharmaceutical business. The sector includes 30 multinational companies accounting for 50% of the business. The competition with multi-nationals has played a positive role in managing forward logistics through good supply chain practices. Management of returns is largely accommodated as a regulatory and customer [...]

By Subzwari M. , Khan A. 2009 7 Citations
Keywords: Logistics Read more...

Asian diversities: A snapshot of inter-and-intra differences on collectivism and purchasing endeavorst

Research Article

This study investigates the potential difference in consumption behavior among customers in five Asian settings: Thailand, Singapore, Taiwan, India, and China. Of particular interest,the research investigates the relationship between the amount of social influences that occurs in purchasing endeavors and people s orientation toward collectivism. Samples of university students from the jive Asian countries are employed,thus controlling for [...]

By Kongsompong K. 2008
Keywords: Cross cultural, Collectivism, Social Influence, Consumer behavior, Gender differences Read more...

An exploratory study to identify the Drivers and Inhibitors for the use of Wireless Technology in Healthcare Setting: A case of Pakistan

Research Article

Among various technological developments, the use of wireless technologies is emerging rapidly in the developing and industrialized economies. Healthcare environment is no exception to this phenomenon, whereas the health care environments have unique characteristics and uptake of wireless handheld technologies in a health care environment is complex and exceptional. For example in healthcare environment, individuals are trying to save lives [...]

By Baig A. H. , Gururajan R. , Sharif M. A. 2008
Keywords: Pakistani healthcare systems, adoption of wireless, use of wireless technology. PDAs, handheld computers Read more...

Assessing the link between Intellectual Capital Formation and Performance of a University

Research Article

The resource-based view (RB V) of the firm grew out of frustration with the structure conduct-performance paradigm of the industrial organization (10) view of the firm and the early RB V theorists found the 10 view - that a firm s success was wholly determined by its external environment - to be unrealistically limited and constraining. Thispaper is an attempt [...]

By Yazdani N. 2008
Keywords: Intellectual capital, Resource base view, Industrial organization, Human capital Read more...

The Determinants of Capital Structure in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sector of KSE Listed Companies

Research Article

This paper presents the determinants of capital structure of Karachi Stock Exchange listed firms in the chemical and pharmaceutical sector. This paper selected four independent variables i.e. size of the firm, growth, profitability and tangibility. A total of 28 major firms listed at Karachi Stock Exchange for the period of J 999-2005 were selected and analyzed. The result of [...]

By Iqbal A. 2008
Keywords: capital structure, pecking order model, trade-off model, leverage, pooled data Read more...

Relationship between Store Characteristics and Store Choice

Research Article

In the intense competitive Grocery Store’s industry, increasing and retaining customers is not an easy job. There are studies in relevance to the characteristics of stores. This study determines the relationship between the store characteristics and the store choice. Multinomial Logistic Regression tool was used to analyze the gathered data to recognize the relationship between the store characteristics and [...]

By Hasan S. A. , Rehman H. U. 2007
Keywords: Super markets, hyper markets, grocery stores, retail industry, price atmosphere, service speed Read more...

Determinants of Export Performance in Textile Sector of Pakistan

Research Article

This research is an attempt to investigate the correlation of the various independent variables which include an increase of pricing strategy adaptation, Increase of export intensity, Firm's commitment to export, Export market development, Export market competition, Past Pricing Strategy Adaptation, Past Export Performance Satisfaction, Past Export Intensity, Export market distance) with dependent variable (i.e. Expected Short-Term Export Performance improvement). [...]

By Subhani M. I. , Habib S. and Osman A. 2007
Keywords: Export performance, past export satisfaction, textiles, exporter of Pakistan Read more...

Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Firm's Financial Performance

Research Article

Corporate Social Responsibility has been broadly defined with its different constructs and its significance in the corporate world. This paper puts forward the study of corporate social responsibility and its impact on firms' financial performance with a perspective of Pharmaceutical Industry. All the firms in pharmaceutical industry were observed for their CSR activities and financial performance for Karachi. The statistical [...]

By Rahat F. and Mehar A. 2007
Keywords: CSR, Financial Performance, Pharmaceutical Industry Read more...

Quantifying Bullwhip Effect and reducing its Impact

Research Article

This paper quantifies factors which are responsible for the bullwhip effect within the specific theater, e.g. Middle East. A comprehensive analytical understanding of the phenomenon is derived by considering at least twenty critical factors including Advertising, Sales Promotions, Seasonal Effect, Price Variations, Substitute or competitive products, delays in order processing and raw material shortage. The paper suggests Methods of [...]

By Khan M. A. and Shaikh R. A. 2007 4 Citations
Keywords: Bullwhip, supply chain management, substitute products, seasonal effect Read more...